- Metabolic d/o: Hypoglycemia, hypo/hypernatremia, hypo/hypercalcemia, uremia, drug/alcohol/benzo withdrawal, Acute Intermittent Porphyria
- Hypertension related: PRES/hypertensive encephalopathy, pregnancy→ eclampsia
- Toxic ingestion: Drugs of abuse, in particular activating agents→ cocaine, pcp, amphetamine
- Adverse reaction to a prescribed meds