- Community Acquired Pneumonia: Bacterial (e.g. Strep, H Flu, Legionella, Moraxella, Myocplasma); Viral (e.g. Influenza, RSV)
- Health Care Assoc Pneumonia: Tendency toward GNRs, MRSA
- Mycobacteria (e.g. MTB) in endemic areas, compromised hosts
- Fungal: in endemic areas (e.g. Southwest for Cocci), compromised hosts (e.g. aspergillus)
- Viral: Covid-19, influenza, other
- Co-morbid conditions: diabetes, heart disease, chronic kidney or liver disease, copd, cancer, immunocompromised (e.g. HIV), recent viral infection, structural lung dz (e.g. bronchiectasis), generalized weakness/debility
- Exposures: alcohol, other drugs, smoking
- Lack of age and/or disease specific appropriate vaccinations: influenza, pneumococcus
- Post obstructive: behind a tumor or aspirated foreign body (can be recurrent or otherwise hard to clear)
- Acute or sub-acute onset
- Colored sputum production
- Wheezing or other findings on auscultation
- Dullness to percussion if pleural effusion or dense parenchymal involvement
- CXR w/infiltrate
- Sputum cx and gs can be very helpful in identifying organism
- Blood cx + if bacteremia
- Urine legionella and strep antigen specific but not sensitive for those common CAP organisms