Pneumonia (PNA)

Etiology

  • Community Acquired Pneumonia: Bacterial (e.g. Strep, H Flu, Legionella, Moraxella, Myocplasma); Viral (e.g. Influenza, RSV)
  • Health Care Assoc Pneumonia: Tendency toward GNRs, MRSA
  • Other Organisms: Mycobacteria (e.g. MTB) in endemic areas, compromised hosts; Fungi (e.g. Cocci) in endemic areas (e.g. Southwest for Cocci), compromised hosts

Risk Factors

  • Age > 65, male
  • Co-morbid conditions: diabetes, heart disease, chronic kidney or liver disease, copd, cancer, immunocompromised (e.g. HIV), recent viral infection, structural lung dz (e.g. bronchiectasis), generalized weakness/debility
  • Exposures: alcohol, other drugs, smoking
  • Lack of age and/or disease specific appropriate vaccinations: influenza, pneumococcus
  • Post obstructive: behind a tumor or aspirated foreign body (can be recurrent or otherwise hard to clear)

Symptoms

  • Cough
  • Sob
  • Doe
  • Fever
  • Chest pain
  • Acute or sub-acute onset
  • Colored sputum production

Physical Exam Findings

  • Rales
  • Ronchi
  • Wheezing or other findings on auscultation
  • Dullness to percussion if pleural effusion or dense parenchymal involvement

Sub-Diseases

Bacterial
Viral
Fungal
Mycobacterial
Parasites
Immunocompromised Host

Tests

Links